Saturday, April 25, 2009

GALILEO GALILEI 1564-1642

Italian scientists of this may be more responsible for the development of the scientific method of anyone as well. Galileo was born in Pisa, in 1564. As a young University of Pisa in the study but because of stagnant financial affairs. Although the year 1589 so he can afford the position at the university. Several years later he joined the University of Padua and lived there until 1610. In this period he created the invention of mass-scientific findings.

First important contribution in the field of mechanics. Aristoteles teach, the more heavy objects fall more quickly instead of the more lightly, and bergenerasi-generation intellectuals swallow the Greek philosophers the great influence of this. However, Galileo decided to try first is the case, and through experiments serentetan he erroneously concluded that Aristoteles. That is, whether mild or heavy objects fall on the same except that the speed limit until they reduced speed due to air friction. (Accidental, habits Galileo experiment throw objects from the tower seems to Pisa without realizing).

Knowing this, Galileo took steps further. By carefully measuring the distance he objects fall at the time specified and obtained evidence that the distance passed by a falling object is equally proportionate to the number of seconds kwadrat the fall of objects. This discovery (which means penyeragaman acceleration) has important meaning itself. Even more important Galileo berkemampuan concentrate formula with the results penemuannya mathematics. Use a broad formula mathematics and mathematics methods is essential nature of modern science.

Galileo other major contribution is the legal penemuannya inertia. Previously, people believed that the objects move by themselves tend to become increasingly slow and full stop if it does not have the power to add strength in order to continue moving. But the experiment-Galileo experiment proves that supposition is mistaken. When slowed strength such as shifting, can be removed, moving objects tend to keep moving without borders. This is an important principle that has been repeatedly be confirmed by Newton and coupled with the legal system itself as one of the first movement vital principle in science.


Pisa tower sloping deemed used by Galileo demonstrates the laws of the fall of the object
The invention of Galileo is the most distinguished in the field of astronomy. The theory of astrology in the early 1600-is in an uncertain situation. There was a difference between the theory of Copernicus that the sun-sentris and the theory that longer, the earth-sentris. Around year 1609 Galileo stated belief that Copernicus was correct in that party, but that time he did not know how membuktikannya. In the year 1609, Galileo heard news that the telescope be found in the Netherlands. Although Galileo is heard only vaguely about the equipment, but owing to kegeniusannya he is able to create their own telescopes. With this new tool he shifts attention to the sky and only a year he has been successfully serentetan make a big discovery.

Days not seen it but the average lump-lump, full of craters and mountains. Sky objects, sum, average, and is not slippery but not as uniform as the face the earth. Ditatapnya Bima Sakti and by it appear that he is not the kind of fog Samasekali but consists of a large number of stars with the naked eye as the teraduk and diffuse to one another.

Then diincarnya sphere-sphere appeared and be surrounded by a Saturn ring. Jupiter Teleskopnya cock and know he was there four months reel encircle the planet. Here the light-benderanglah for that celestial objects can revolve around a planet other than Earth. Keasyikannya worsen: ditatapnya sun and appears to have by the spots in the face. There is other people who also see the previous spots, but Galileo published the results penemuannya with a more effective and put the sun spots that come to the attention of the world of science. Next, move on to research the planet Venus has a similar period with the correct period of months. This is an important part of the evidence that reinforces the theory of Copernicus that the earth and all the other planet rotates encircle the sun.

Illustration of the legal power lever Galileo Galileo quoted from the book 'The conference and Math'

The invention of telescopes and serentetan Galileo discovery of this stone stairs to the top of the eminence. Meanwhile, support for the theory of Copernicus cause he dealt with the church is completely against it. Counterwork church this peak in the year 1616: he was a self-spreading hypothesis of Copernicus. Galileo felt tergencet with restrictions for many years. New year after Pope died in 1623, he was replaced by people who adore Galileo. The next year, this new Pope - Urban VIII - forebode albeit vague restrictions that make Galileo is no longer imposed.

Galileo the next six years to spend time preparing the work of an important dialogue ilmiahnya About Two Important System World. This book is the great things that the support for the theory of Copernicus and books published this year in 1632 with special permission from the church sensor. Nevertheless, the church authorities, responding to the attitude irate when books come out and tow Galileo directly to the face of the Religious in Rome with the alleged violation of the prohibition years in 1616.

But clearly, a lot of brass-brass is not happy with church decision punish a famous scholar. Even under church law at that time, the case of Galileo, and he is only lightly dijatuhi punishment. Galileo dijebloskan not to jail but just in the wrong house arrest in his home that is in a nice villa in Arcetri. The theory he can not receive guests, but the fact that the rules did not conducted properly. The punishment is just another terhadapnya a permintaarn that he openly say that again pull out the earth to revolve circumnavigate the sun. Scientists aged 69 years old do this in front of the open court. (It's a glorious Ceritera not necessarily true that the more interesting after Galileo's opinions he bow to the earth and speak slowly, "habituate, he still continues to move!"). In the city of Arcetri he tulisnya forward the work in the field of mechanics. Year Galileo died in 1642.

Galileo large contribution to the progress of science has long known. Meaning important role lies in the discovery-discovery of scientific laws, such as inertia, teleskopnya discovery, observation and field astronominya hypothesis kegeniusannya prove Copernicus. And a more important role in the development of the methodology of science. Generally, the natural philosopher base opinions on the mind-mind Aristoteles investigation and make a qualitative and phenomena that terkategori. Instead, Galileo set phenomena and make observations on the basis of quantitative. The emphasis is on careful calculation of the quantitative since the investigation into the basic science in the next-period.

Galileo may have more responsibility than any person for the scientific investigation with the empirical attitude. He is, and not the others, who first emphasized the importance the trial-trial, he rejected the opinion that scientific issues can be decided together with the power, if power is the name of the Church Aristoteles proposition or principle. He also rejected the lean hard on the schemes that use complicated reasons and not rely on a solid experimental basis. Perceptivity Cendikiawan middle of the century rambling over what should happen and why things that happen, but Galileo insisted on the importance to do the experiment to ensure that indeed what happened. View ilmiahnya clearly understandable not to have mystical, and in this he was even the rather more modern successor, such as Newton.

Galileo, may be considered are those who obey. Apart from the penalty be against himself and pengakuannya, he does not reject both religion and the church. The only experiment ditolaknya Council official church business to press the investigation science knowledge. Next generation of the very cogent Gahleo as a symbol of the rebels against the dogma and authoritarian power that attempts to fetter the independence of thinking. Meaning the importance of a more prominent role is that dimainkannya put it in basic methods of modern science.

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